Enhancement/speed up find_nearest()

Speeds up find_nearest() with a similar implementation as proposed by @roelofvandijkO in arosics#98 (closed).

Closes arosics#98 (closed).

assigned to @danschef

added 4 commits

• b6207573 - Revise find_nearest for speed (avoid array-sorting if possible; min/max...
• 1ef841cf - Fix type hint.
• eb3df29e - Add some more tests.
• 436c2cff - Update HISTORY.rst.

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changed the description

added Enhancement label

mentioned in issue arosics#98 (closed)

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merged

mentioned in commit f1a8f133